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【新聞脈搏】男女大不同?有ADHD的女患者四十多歲才被確診原因是…….

男孩和女孩均有機會患上過度活躍症,但女孩確診率卻遠低於男孩。

過度活躍症是一種神經發育障礙,坊間對患有過度活躍症的孩子都有種既定的想法,認為他們都會坐不定,總是到處走來走去。但原來患有過度活躍症的女孩跟男孩是很不同的。她們的表現沒男孩子那麼煩躁,控制自己身體的能力亦較強。正因為坊間的既定觀感,令患有過度活躍症的女孩往往不易被師長發現,錯失治療機會。

過度活躍症通常在兒童時期便能被診斷出來,但研究最近發現很多女孩因為症狀不明顯,導致她們沒有被適時診斷出患有過度活躍症,令她們在成長過程中飽受煎熬。

艾美莉‧約翰遜‧弗格森(Emily Johnson-Ferguson)是一個典型例子,「我很小的時侯,已經發現自己無法集中注意力。」約翰遜‧弗格森後來還患上了暴食症,又要依靠酒精和咖啡因來穏定自己的情緒。」直至42歲,她終於找到了問題的根源,原來她患有過度活躍症。

男孩與女孩確診過度活躍症的數字存在顯著差異,男患者比女患者多出數倍。最近專家發現這是因為男女患者的症狀嚴重程度有顯著差異,但不表示較少女孩患有過度活躍症,只是她們沒有被發現。

以下幾項為男女過度活躍症患者不同的表現:

相對男孩而言,過度活躍症女孩衝動性較低,不常有情緒失控的行為,這可能是為什麼過度活躍症女孩經常被誤診的一個原因。

過度活躍女孩更容易分心。與男孩相比,女孩更喜歡在課堂上做白日夢,但這不易被發覺。

過度活躍女孩更容易有情緒問題。她們因為自己無法專注而感到羞愧,甚至責怪自己,引發抑鬱和焦慮。

專家呼籲家長及老師多點關注女孩日常的表現,以免延誤女孩被診斷患上過度活躍症,令情況變得更壞。

有患者直至四十多歲,才被確診出來,成長過程飽受煎熬。
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